The whole volume of the river pours into the Victoria Falls gorges from this narrow cleft. ![]() The only outlet to the First Gorge is a 110-metre-wide (360 ft) gap about two-thirds of the way across the width of the falls from the western end. The depth of the chasm, called the First Gorge, varies from 80 metres (260 ft) at its western end to 108 metres (354 ft) in the centre. The falls are formed where the full width of the river plummets in a single vertical drop into a transverse chasm 1,708 metres (5,604 ft) wide, carved by its waters along a fracture zone in the basalt plateau. Research in the late 2010s found that climate change caused precipitation variability is likely to change the character of the fall. Zambia and Zimbabwe both have national parks and tourism infrastructure at the site. Since the mid 20th century, the site has been an increasingly important source of tourism. Though known to some European geographers before the 19th century, Scottish missionary David Livingstone identified the falls in 1855, providing the English colonial name of Victoria Falls after Queen Victoria. It is located on the border between Zambia and Zimbabwe and is one of the world's largest waterfalls, with a width of 1,708 m (5,604 ft).Īrcheological sites and oral history describe a long record of African knowledge of the site. Victoria Falls ( Lozi: Mosi-oa-Tunya, "The Smoke That Thunders" Tonga: Shungu Namutitima, "Boiling Water") is a waterfall on the Zambezi River in southern Africa, which provides habitat for several unique species of plants and animals.
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